The Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences organized a Revelation,
Japan All Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Zhejiang later mentioned in his concluding remarks: in daily management to the not in place. how to deal with emergency management and daily management, appear to be technical in nature, in essence, support the idea in play. Play the earthquake information and tsunami alerts, with 6 languages (including Chinese) for broadcast, television broadcast scrolling subtitles, alternate audio broadcast, not just reporting the earthquake, tsunami warning, and broadcast of the evacuation and defense of common sense . No matter where, no matter how superb television, in just a few minutes, to make such a good voice and subtitles is impossible, therefore, can conclude that this is ready before the earthquake, and this is day to day management which have the role of the emergency. Earthquakes, tsunamis area immediately drawn out, these everyday software are done there, and soon to be broadcast. If the TV, radio off, and also not receive the broadcast to others, but in Japan, as long as you install an alarm system, as long as when the alert information broadcast, television, radio can automatically open, we can see the daily preparation What a full sound, which is most worthy to learn from the outside world.
Institute of Economic Research, Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences Dr. Chen Gang, it seems, the Japanese since ancient times an area are very concerned about the recurring disasters, while the area of natural understanding of the laws and the disaster from happening again simulated disaster scene, which is Japan's disaster prevention mechanism of the most significant features. Is specific to this earthquake, and some experience is worth special attention. From the point of view, August 2009 new elections in the Democratic Party in the House of Representatives defeated the Liberal Democratic Party dominated Japanese politics over half a century. Compared to the Japanese Liberal Democratic Party, the Democratic Party is undoubtedly in crisis management is the lack of experience. The Democratic Party government was established, for the honor before the election in the childcare subsidy, education grant high school, farmers received compensation promised voters to cut the previous era in the Liberal Democratic Party have a reserve fund disaster response, the school, budget, the reduction is no doubt this earthquake, the damage caused by a negative role. Government on the earthquake, the damage to determine errors. First, investment in human resources in the miscarriage of justice, beginning with reference to the disposal of the 1995 Kobe earthquake in twenty thousand self-defense, and later additions were estimated to lack of staff, all the way to increase to hundreds of thousands of people. Generally believed that one to three days after the earthquake the number of different rescue workers, will cause great impact to the disaster. The issue of nuclear leakage in the lack of attention, over-reliance on the East before the incident power, declined to rescue the United States, after dealing with the issue of lack of experience of nuclear leakage, resulting in the outside world began to question the sound. Of course, the Democratic Party Government in the earthquake relief also showed the advantages of their own, so a lot of volunteer groups play a very important role. Great Hanshin Earthquake in 1995, when 1.4 million people poured into volunteers caused a certain degree of confusion. Prime Minister Naoto Kan, the Japanese history as the first orderly operation. NPO from the previous confusion, disorder to order to participate in relief and became the main process is Naoto Kan of the strengths of governing ability. Japanese Government to adjust the command structure, from 1995 Kobe earthquake, the Prime Minister's official residence of the lack of intelligence-gathering capabilities, Ge Shengting vertical relationship to the government slow to respond to the crisis. After that, the Prime Minister's official residence in Japan set up a crisis management center. However, nuclear leakage, power plans, the yen exchange rate rising sharply, so that the Prime Minister, Naoto Kan, branch chief Yukio Ueno Headquarters for weakness led by a comprehensive deal, this situation also determines the implementation of a command system has been impossible. In particular, the crisis of nuclear leakage, so that disaster relief in northeast Japan, was caught in the weakening of state, government and the international community's objective is concentrated to a nuclear power plant in Fukushima Prefecture. Fukushima hit day in the March 17 city shelters IWAKI transferred to the process, there are 21 dead, many critically ill patients should not get relief. Affected areas of food, medicine shortage, the ruling party are worried about To this day, the Japanese Cabinet appointed by the Paradise Valley people as Deputy Chief Housing Officer, responsible for special measures life support victims of this Part, chief Yukio Ueno branch is fully responsible for the emergency treatment of nuclear leakage. Paradise Valley only use by the people that the government started to change the command structure, the establishment of the headquarters of disaster relief efforts to deal with, sharing the task chain crisis is a management tool on the changes, in response to the crisis chain provides a very good example .
Japan's disaster relief mode As Japan's current cabinet members are not policy experts, in the March 18 for the first nuclear power plant in Fukushima drainage from the ground on controversial issues, in a separate high concentration of radioactive material leaked 3 more dangerous machine drain, not only of Unit 1 Unit 3 issues also need to turn on the water, disputes no less than the Cabinet, the final conclusion was based on the scene before making a decision. Therefore, the Democratic Party and some even complained: While talking about the
Dr. Chen Gang also noted that Japan's disaster response system in two parallel structures. Japan after the Meiji Restoration Fuguoqiangbing from the post-war economic recovery and rapid development, because The current local government in Japan is divided into two, cities, towns and villages are 47 prefectures, are Decentralization reform in Japan, has been uphold a philosophy that individuals can be resolved by an individual solution, individuals can not be resolved by the family to solve, the family can not be solved by regional organizations, NPO to resolve. This means that self-help groups fail to realize, the Chief had just the need to intervene. Therefore, the state's role as limited to foreign affairs, defense, finance, banking, resources and other fields, but with the people closely related to everyday competence, funds transferred to local governments to consider. This relationship between the State and down to the usual relationship between the change in the reform, to some extent stimulated local enthusiasm. To achieve the ultimate goal of decentralization is the central government's authority, the financial to the local transfer. Borrow the former Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama saying, is to realize a small central government, small parliament, the larger local government competence and efficient form of The existence of these grass-roots organizations, forming a unique Japanese way of relief. January 17, 1995 in Japan, the Kobe earthquake occurred, due to the many volunteers and non-profit organizations involved in the Japanese community also had a profound impact. 1995, therefore is also called the first year of volunteers in Japanese history. Many disaster relief non-governmental organizations to recruit all kinds of volunteers, in terms of health care and reconstruction, aid for the government to do the rescue work. Transfer in a shelter, in addition to using the SDF forces, civil authorities in that public transport also played a very important role, including medical, material preparation, transportation and other aspects of support. Therefore, the study volunteers and nonprofit organizations in Japan to participate in earthquake relief activities, and track the development of civil society in Japan on China earthquake disaster volunteer activities and future development of the nonprofit sector will be of great benefit.
Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences Research Centre
Associate minutes of its view that the Japanese earthquake and subsequent tsunami crisis and nuclear leaks, if not relatively effective disaster prevention mechanisms (legal and institutional) , more professional government's disaster relief planning and other factors, then the property of the Japanese people will be more disastrous. The resulting implication is that we are still predicted to further enhance the system of natural disasters, including the strengthening of laws such as the system software, including disaster prevention system, including construction and other similar anti-typhoon disaster prevention hardware construction.
